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Bal Thackeray
Bal Keshav Thackeray ((:'ʈʰa:kə'ɾei); 23 January 1926 – 17 November 2012) was an Indian politician who founded the Shiv Sena, a right-wing Marathi ethnocentric party active mainly in the Western Indian state of Maharashtra. He was called as 'Balasaheb' by his supporters. His followers called him the ''Hindu Hruday Samraat'' ("Emperor of Hindu Hearts").
Thackeray began his professional career as a cartoonist with the English language daily ''The Free Press Journal'' in Mumbai, but left it in 1960 to form his own political weekly ''Marmik''. His political philosophy was largely shaped by his father Keshav Sitaram Thackeray, a leading figure in the ''Samyukta Maharashtra'' (United Maharashtra) movement, which advocated the creation of a separate linguistic state of Maharashtra. Through ''Marmik'', he campaigned against the growing influence of non-Marathis in Mumbai.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/slideshow_roar-of-the-tiger_1497754#top )〕 In 1966, Thackeray formed the Shiv Sena party to advocate for the interests of Maharashtrians in Mumbai's political and professional landscape. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Thackeray built the party by forming temporary alliances with nearly all of Maharashtra's political parties. Thackeray was also the founder of the Marathi-language newspaper ''Saamana'' and the Hindi-language newspaper ''Dopahar ka saamana''. He was the subject of numerous controversies.〔 Upon his death, he was accorded a state funeral with a large number of mourners present.
== Early and personal life ==
Thackeray was born in the city of Pune on 23 January 1926〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mid-day.com/news/2013/jan/180113-shiv-sena-wants-bal-thackeray-memorial-to-take-root-ahead-of-his-birthday.htm )〕 to Ramabai and Keshav Sitaram Thackeray (also known as 'Prabodhankar' Thackeray). He was the eldest of nine siblings. His family belonged to the Marathi Chandraseniya Kayastha Prabhu (CKP) community. Keshav Thackeray was a progressive social activist and writer who was involved in the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement of the 1950s that argued for the creation of a unified state called Maharashtra for Marathi-speaking areas with Mumbai as its capital. His father was said to have supported the use of strategic violence as means to achieve that objective. Keshav Thakare left the movement because of his stance against the communists.
Thackeray was married to Meena Thackeray (née Vaidya) and had three sons, Bindumadhav Thackeray, Jaidev Thackeray and Uddhav Thackeray. Meena and Bindumadhav died in 1996.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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